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Iran Sanctions Successive Administrations have used economic sanctions to try to change Iran’s behavior. U.S. sanctions, including “secondary sanctions” on firms that conduct certain transactions with Iran, have adversely affected Iran’s economy but have had little observable effect on Iran’s pursuit of core strategic objectives such as its support for regional armed factions and its development of ballistic and cruise missiles. During 2012-2015, when the global community was relatively united in pressuring Iran economically, Iran’s economy shrank as its crude oil exports fell by more than 50%, and Iran had limited access to its $120 billion in assets abroad.