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The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the Senate Floor The Constitution mandates that Congress convene at noon on January 3 unless the preceding Congress, by law, designated a different day. P.L. 113-201 set January 6, 2015, as the convening date of the 114th Congress. The 115th, 116th, 117th, and 118th Congresses convened on January 3.